Weather

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 * == Weather Wise ==

** The Elements of Weather **
|| **Understanding Basic Concepts** - explain the difference between weather and climate and the factors that influence both of these systems - identify patterns in air movement - identify the effects of air pressure ||

What is Weather?
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1. Define weather.** The WEATHER is the condition of the atmosphere (or changes in the atmosphere) at a particular time and place. ** 2. What four factors affect weather
 * ** the air **
 * ** the sun **
 * ** water **
 * ** the earth's movement **

Weather vs Climate
__ [] __ 3. What is the difference between climate and weather?**Climate **is what you expect; **Weather** is what you get.**Climate** is about long-term records, trends and averages; __ [] __ 4. Complete the following chart:
 * Weather** is the day to day experience.**Climate** is the sum or synthesis of all the weather recorded over a long period of time. It tells us the average or most common conditions, or extremes, or counts of events, or frequencies. **Weather** is a description of conditions over a short period of time - a "snap shot" of the atmosphere at a particular time.If **weather** is the watch then **climate** is the calendar.
 * Air Pressure**

light wind movement ||. strong wind movement ||
 * || ==== **High Pressure** ==== || ====** Low Pressure **==== ||
 * Air movement (up or down) || .down || up ||
 * Temperature of air || warm || cold ||
 * Wind movement at ground ||.
 * Expected weather || good weather || bad weather ||


 * == Weather Wise ==

** Measuring the Weather **
|| **Developing Skills of Inquiry, Design and Communication** - design, construct, and test a variety of weather instruments - use appropriate vocabulary, including correct science and technology terminology, in describing their investigations and observations ||

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 * The following web site describes some of the instruments meteorologists use to collect data about the weather. **

Use the information to complete the chart. The source of this information is American so you may have to determine the equivalent metric unit to record in the chart.

barometer || measures atmospheric pressure in Millibars. A barometer can also be used by pilots as an altimeter, because as a pilot flies upward, the pointer gives the altitude above sea level. || milibars || anemometer || measures wind speed in mph. The most common type looks like a toy windmill. Three cups are fixed to a central shaft and the stronger the wind blows the faster they spin around. The wind speed is shown on a dial, just like a car's speedometer. || . miles per hour || Not only does a rain gauge measure rainfall, but also all other forms of precipitation. || milimeters || thermometer || measures the temperature in degrees Celsius or degrees Fahrenheit || Celsius or Fahrenheit || Campbell Stokes Recorder || measures sunshine. This type of recorder is made up of a glass ball which concentrates sunshine on to a thick piece of card. The sunshine then burns a mark on the card which shows the number of hours of sunshine in the day. || hours || Hygrometer || measures the temperature and amount of humidity in degrees Fahrenheit and degrees Celsius. A hygrometer actually uses human hair to tell how much humidity is in the air. It contains a sheaf of blond human hairs treated to remove the oils. As the relative humidity increases, the hairs increase in length and operate the recording mechanism. || Fahrenhiet or Celsius ||
 * **Instrument Name ** || **What It Measures ** || **Unit of Measurement ** ||
 * .
 * .
 * rain guage || measures the amount of rainfall in mm.
 * . Wind Vane/Wind Sock || measures wind direction by pointing towards North, East, South or West || direction ||
 * || == Weather Wise ==

** Clouds **
|| **Understanding Basic Concepts** - explain the formation of clouds and the effects of different cloud formations on weather and climate ||


 * Use this web site to answer the following questions. **
 * [] **

1. What are clouds?** Clouds are a visible mist of billions of water and ice particles floating in the sky. ** 2. Explain how clouds form.** Clouds form when air cools below its saturation point and causes water vapor to condense into tiny water droplets. ** 3. What are the 3 "families" of clouds and what do their Latin names mean?** There are three families of clouds: cirrus, cumulus, and stratus. These are the latin names given to clouds in 1804. Cirrus means 'curl of hair', cumulus means 'heap', and stratus means 'layer'. ** 4. Follow the links to learn about each type of cloud and then complete the table on the next page. To help you identify clouds, download, print and construct the following "Cloud Key". [] After completing the chart, you could try a Cloud Quiz at; [] 
 * || ==Weather Wise==

**Forecasting**
|| **Understanding Basic Concepts** -recognize large-scale and local weather systems - predict local weather patterns using data from their own observations of weather and from weather reports - identify patterns in air movement ||

The following questions and organizers will help you keep track of the crucial information you’ll need.
 * Read the details at [] and follow the links.**

Cloud Forecasting
white or gray || sometimes mean that it will rain or snow || altitude clouds || can cause rain, although rain does not always follow cumulus clouds ||
 * **Cloud Type** || **Description** || **Possible Weather** ||
 * cirrus || high in the sky || sometimes means rain ||
 * altocumulus || thin sheet of
 * nimbostratus || dark gray || rain and snow often ocummpony ||
 * cumulus || puffy, low
 * cumulonimbus || dark puffy clouds || rainstorms ||

Wind Forecasting
What can make the above predictions inaccurate?
 * **Wind Direction** || **Possible Weather** ||
 * North ||  ||
 * South ||  ||
 * East ||  ||
 * West ||  ||

Senses Forecasting
What might you hear that can help you forecast the weather?
 * == Weather Wise ==

**Warm and Cold Fronts **
|| **Understanding Basic Concepts** - explain the difference between warm and cold fronts and the factors that influence both of these systems - identify types of weather associated with each front || []

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Write the capital letter A or B at the end each sentence. A = Cold Front B = Warm Front 1. Cool air mass - warm air mass moves in.B 2. Warm air mass - cool air mass moves in.A 3. Brings gentle rains that may last for hours or days.B 4. Strong winds are formed followed by heavy rain, crashingA thunder, and flashing lightning. 5. When the front passes, the temperature warms up and itB becomes humid. 6. When the front passes, the weather turns cooler.A 7. Farmer Brown prefers this type of front.B 8. Usually happens and is over with quickly.A